The 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has been declared a world pandemic by WHO on 11 March 2020. Clinical symptoms of 2019- nCoV have mostly resembled that of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) of 2003.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), initially named novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV, is a single-stranded RNA virus which forms one of the seven coronaviridae - 229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERSCoV)) - now known to infect humans.
It is the virus responsible for causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a type of lower respiratory tract infection with the potential to cause severe and possibly fatal atypical novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) – infected pneumonia (NCIP) in humans.
Therefore, this virus was named SARS-CoV-2. By 28 March 2020, a total of 593 735 SARS-CoV-2 infected cases have been confirmed in 200 countries worldwide. In addition to the respiratory system involvement, recent evidence has shown that SARS-CoV-2 can affect other organ systems including nervous, vascular, digestive, urinary, haematological and so on.
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